Concerning the 47%. the devil is in the details. Retired citizens, like for example us make up 1/5 of the 47%. There are plenty of articles on the 47%. Here is one.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/opini...190_story.html

You have a graduated income tax. You can have a single payer health insurance plan with the premiums based upon your income. Companies are offering insurance to their employees now. The only difference will be that the premiums will be going to a government agency. If you want an existing health insurance to administer the plan, you can. However, the government will determine markup these insurance will receive. Single payer is workable. However, it will never happen.

Concerning part time employees, their income is probably low; therefore, they can fall under Medicaid.

You don't want corporations to increase your wages to pay for health insurance. That is putting money in my right pocket so the government can take it out of my left pocket. Besides, payroll taxes will be increased for both the employer, and the worker. Just treat health insurance to the corporations as it is now a deductible expense.

The total cost of health insurance will probably go down, because the profit health insurance carriers will be reduced. How many health insurance carriers have gone out of business?