The so called shock is no threat to human or dog.
We have used them for years. Some dogs actually teach themselves. The training involves putting up flags where the wire is. The objective is that the dog, sees the flags, hears the sound and yes then there is a shock.....little more than a tickle actually. For most dogs all it takes is once. The actually associate with the flags more than the sound. Eventually learning there is no surprise with the sound.
There are some breeds that will walk right through the barrier in and back....for example a rottweiler. My daughter had one that would go through like it was not there.
Most dogs train in a very, very short time.
Keep in mind that having the invisible fence should not be to let one's dog stay out and about untended.
Cayotes and bobcats do not have a collar on!!!!!!!!!!!
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