[villagerjudy]

Our dog went easily from 75 acres to an invisible fence. He is not "fearful" of pain (lab setter mix) but responds actually to noise (there is a beep as a warning first). Besides the probe length there is also a shock setting on both Invisible Fence and the radio transmitter one to find the the right correction. We also had a courtyard villa before a large back yard, so we tried both. A dog door to the outside (actually it takes 3 doors for him to go outside LOL) and no more dog walking just for "bathroom needs" just for mutual exercise. An advantage to the Invisible Fence is that the front of the house doesn't have to be enclosed so neighbors can walk up without 65 lbs of happiness greeting them. It is a great thing!