Talk of The Villages Florida

Talk of The Villages Florida (https://www.talkofthevillages.com/forums/)
-   The Villages, Florida, General Discussion (https://www.talkofthevillages.com/forums/villages-florida-general-discussion-73/)
-   -   Measles (https://www.talkofthevillages.com/forums/villages-florida-general-discussion-73/measles-323789/)

Two Bills 09-09-2021 07:24 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by GRACEALLEMAN (Post 2000877)
Excuse me but how far away was the Chinese virus virus? Didn't come over this way?? Not a very good answer you did

The subject is Measles Measles, not the virus virus.

golfing eagles 09-09-2021 07:25 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Luggage (Post 2000865)
The big difference is in the infection rate and the method of infection between measles and covid. Covid is much more virulent. Measles patient could be treated at home. Not covid . Covid patient may need lung machines . Not measles . The rate of death is only equal to measles because we have much better care today than 50 years ago. Both are highly preventable with proper vaccination and social distancing. Neither a measles or a covid patient would I kiss on the lips with a tongue insertion.

Not much of that is accurate either.

Gettingoutofdodge 09-09-2021 07:36 AM

Have your Dr. do an IGG blood work to check for the antibodies for the measles. The results will tell you if you still have the antibodies and how much of them. I did it a few years ago for measles, mumps, rubella and chicken pox. All were still high. Two weeks ago I had my antibodies checked for Covid. I have the Moderna vaccine 7 months ago. My antibodies were still high. The Dr. said to check every three months and if the level goes down, then I should take the booster.

DonnaNi4os 09-09-2021 07:38 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by RICH1 (Post 2000325)
I'm in my 60s and remember having the measles inoculation many years ago, are we still protected from the Measles?
Evidently these Afghans are bringing in measles and other diseases and are free to enter towns near the Bases! I'm hoping to get a Doctor to respond but I'm sure some expert will tackle this question

Most of us had measles and chicken pox as a child, long before the vaccine was available. That provided you with a pretty strong immunity, likely life long. Most children are vaccinated with MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) as a condition to enter school. So for the most part, those at risk of contracting the very contagious measles are very young children. That’s a scary thought. Anyone entering the country from another may not be vaccinated for the basics and I can only presume that there will be an all out effort to get those entering from Afghanistan vaccinated quickly.

Aces4 09-09-2021 07:49 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Two Bills (Post 2000330)
According to Dr. Google, the measles vaccination is mostly good for life.
Fort McCoy is nearly 1400 miles from TV.
Think it's fairly safe to go out in public:icon_wink:


:ohdear: Sure, yeah, uh huh, because we all know that people from Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa don’t travel to The Villages in the winter.

I and my siblings had the measles when we were young and it was miserable. Headache, aches, rash that looked like a red blanket an our bodies and we were pretty uncomfortable until it passed. I don’t want that again but maybe we still have antibodies loaded in us.

jammaiora 09-09-2021 07:52 AM

What's your moniker, "Rich the Racist"! If I were you. I would worry more about the people in Florida who are not vaccinated and/or are anti-maskers.

golfing eagles 09-09-2021 07:59 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Gettingoutofdodge (Post 2000898)
Have your Dr. do an IGG blood work to check for the antibodies for the measles. The results will tell you if you still have the antibodies and how much of them. I did it a few years ago for measles, mumps, rubella and chicken pox. All were still high. Two weeks ago I had my antibodies checked for Covid. I have the Moderna vaccine 7 months ago. My antibodies were still high. The Dr. said to check every three months and if the level goes down, then I should take the booster.

Except........There are multiple antibodies involved in COVID immunity, and we still don't know which ones they are. The antibody test is only for one of them, and that one may not even confer immunity. In other words, neither you nor your doctor should put too much faith in the results of the current antibody test.

Dot Rheinhardt 09-09-2021 08:16 AM

Measles
 
When my husband was in the army, my son and some of the army kids got the measles. One mother did not as her kid didn't either. Later she was pregnant and got the measles. Her baby was born without arms or legs. I had measles in college and so did my daughter. Now it is not prevalent in the US, but I wonder about immigrants bringing it in if they haven't been vaccinated.

blueash 09-09-2021 08:24 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by golfing eagles (Post 2000917)
Except........There are multiple antibodies involved in COVID immunity, and we still don't know which ones they are. The antibody test is only for one of them, and that one may not even confer immunity. In other words, neither you nor your doctor should put too much faith in the results of the current antibody test.

100% agree. Get the booster when the booster is recommended. By the way, do you expect your insurance to pay for your four times a year antibody test? There is no established medical reason to be doing it. You might ask your doctor what evidence or recommendation he or she used in developing this suggestion.

From the CDC
"Antibody testing is not currently recommended to assess for immunity to COVID-19 following COVID-19 vaccination"

From Quest
"Antibody testing for the purposes of vaccine decision making is not currently recommended by the CDC."
The shot costs the government or your insurance about $20. TheQuest charge for antibody testing is $69 dollars.

Skeety 09-09-2021 08:26 AM

Why don't you get the facts instead of spouting off half assed ignorance? 🙄🙄

terrild53 09-09-2021 08:36 AM

Measles
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by RICH1 (Post 2000325)
I'm in my 60s and remember having the measles inoculation many years ago, are we still protected from the Measles?
Evidently these Afghans are bringing in measles and other diseases and are free to enter towns near the Bases! I'm hoping to get a Doctor to respond but I'm sure some expert will tackle this question

People who previously had measles have antibodies that protect them the rest of their lives. Those who are over 50 & who were vaccinated (had the entire series) typically have sufficient antibodies to get them through to adulthood and probably to old age. However, lots of college kids get measles because, according to research, their antibody levels wane so it is recommended that kids get a booster at 18. You can get a measles titer drawn to check your level and it will tell you whether you need a booster or not. Ask your doctor!

lstevenson1470 09-09-2021 08:58 AM

CDC Requirements for immigrant vaccination
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by RICH1 (Post 2000325)
I'm in my 60s and remember having the measles inoculation many years ago, are we still protected from the Measles?
Evidently these Afghans are bringing in measles and other diseases and are free to enter towns near the Bases! I'm hoping to get a Doctor to respond but I'm sure some expert will tackle this question

Please, please, PLEASE! Let's not spread fear of these poor people who have lost EVERYTHING. They came here with nothing but the clothes on their backs, to escape a government who has killed ther family members and friends because they helped US in the war effort.

Here is information from the CDC about vaccinations required for immigration:

https://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugee...Surgeons-H.pdf

Fltpkr 09-09-2021 08:58 AM

Is the OP really serious? Sorry, but I just don’t get this kind of a post. Is it really to get an answer to the long term effectiveness of measles vaccination or to provoke nasty conversations that tend to draw out the worst in people. These Afghans? Many of these people have put their lives and families at risk to help us, and they have had to pick-up and leave, likely forever, their homes and the ancestral homes of their mothers and fathers and grandparents, also their neighbors and friends, and we are concerned about possible measles?

Aces4 09-09-2021 08:59 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Skeety (Post 2000928)
Why don't you get the facts instead of spouting off half assed ignorance? 🙄🙄

Do you have any idea to whom you’re speaking? If so, use the QUOTE button.

Aces4 09-09-2021 09:01 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Fltpkr (Post 2000958)
Is the OP really serious? Sorry, but I just don’t get this kind of a post. Is it really to get an answer to the long term effectiveness of measles vaccination or to provoke nasty conversations that tend to draw out the worst in people. These Afghans? Many of these people have put their lives and families at risk to help us, and they have had to pick-up and leave, likely forever, their homes and the ancestral homes of their mothers and fathers and grandparents, also their neighbors and friends, and we are concerned about possible measles?

Lol, it was reported that only about 8000-9000 Afghans should have been evacuated and the rest rode their coattails.

Two Bills 09-09-2021 09:07 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Aces4 (Post 2000912)
:ohdear: Sure, yeah, uh huh, because we all know that people from Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa don’t travel to The Villages in the winter.

I and my siblings had the measles when we were young and it was miserable. Headache, aches, rash that looked like a red blanket an our bodies and we were pretty uncomfortable until it passed. I don’t want that again but maybe we still have antibodies loaded in us.

With the majority of Americans vaccinated or had the measles, the risk of an epidemic is about zero.
This is just fear mongering, and giving some people a political platform to bang their anti-whatever drums.
Get real!

blueash 09-09-2021 09:23 AM

1 Attachment(s)
Quote:

Originally Posted by MandoMan (Post 2000864)
Before it was standard to give antibiotics for Strep Throat, many people who got that then got Scarlet Fever, which sometimes led to an infection of the heart that could kill or could damage one or more valves permanently. One of my aunts had to have a heart valve replacement forty years after Scarlet Fever damaged her heart. I remember one of my. Fourth grade friends having heart damage because of it in 1964.

Last summer I talked with my 92 year old dad about how scary polio was for parents when I was little and how liberating it was when we kids were able to get vaccinated. It was like emerging from under an umbrella of fear. What I remember is fighting and crying over getting a shot, and how happy I was when the next polio vaccine came on a delicious sugar cube.
.

I suppose I am nit-picking a little, even if you don't have lice... but that's not how strep works. Strep includes a large number of different strains, like Covid does. Some of those strains not only cause sore throats but also produce a toxin that causes the typical rash and strawberry tongue of scarlet fever. Some strep strains cause sore throats and do not produce the toxin.
Those strains which make the toxin are not more likely to lead to heart complications [rheumatic heart disease] than those that do not produce the toxin. Only about a dozen strains of the over 200 strep variants produce almost all the cases of rheumatic fever. Having strep throat from one of these strains does not mean you will get the complication. The others simply are not rheumatogenic.

Your explanation of the heart disease is wrong.
The strep bacteria does not infect the heart. Rather the body produces antibodies to fight off the strep throat infection. In rare cases these antibodies errantly also attack the heart valves. So it is your own immune system that gives you the complication.

The events you describe of a person having a strep infection then developing heart disease are accurate. This is one of the reasons why strep throat is treated with antibiotics, to prevent heart and other rare complications. Viral sore throats should not be treated with antibiotics.

History details. The injection for polio was available beginning in 1955 and the oral vaccine in 1962. The unapproved experimental injection was tested on school children in the largest such study ever done, with some media warning parents that the shot was dangerous and could kill your kids. One batch in fact was errantly manufactured and contained live virus and killed. But Americans understood that the benefit outweighed the risk not only for their own kids but as a community health measure to stop disease spread. Pop culture figures helped by showing themselves being vaccinated, publicly getting a shot, not secretly. Polio at its worst was killing a few thousand a year

Done nit picking.

Retired gal 09-09-2021 09:44 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by golfing eagles (Post 2000688)
Two factors are at play:

1) In general, the more time that passes after a vaccine, the less effective it becomes.

2) The older we get, the less efficient our immune system becomes.

Pertussis vaccine is known to lose its effectiveness over time---this why the current recommendation is for grandparents that want to hold a newborn to get re-vaccinated with pertussis vaccine

I always appreciate your knowledge and insight. Thanks!

blueash 09-09-2021 09:51 AM

1 Attachment(s)
Quote:

Originally Posted by terrild53 (Post 2000936)
People who previously had measles have antibodies that protect them the rest of their lives. Those who are over 50 & who were vaccinated (had the entire series) typically have sufficient antibodies to get them through to adulthood and probably to old age. However, lots of college kids get measles because, according to research, their antibody levels wane so it is recommended that kids get a booster at 18. You can get a measles titer drawn to check your level and it will tell you whether you need a booster or not. Ask your doctor!

This is incorrect. Really I hope you're just confused but this is so wrong. For starters the measles shot as a stand alone was only approved in 1963 so very few people born before 1960 got that shot. The combination MMR was only released in 1971. I don't know what you mean by the "entire series" as there has not been a series ever recommended. Just a single booster was recommended in 1989 for those who got the earlier shots. If you were born in the 40's or the 50's you might have never had a measles shot as it was not required for school until into the 70's.

Since the introduction of universal MMR vaccination in the US, measles has gone to nearly zero cases per year except for outbreaks in unvaccinated pockets. There is no truth whatsoever to your claim that there is a problem with college age students. There is no truth that there is a recommendation for a booster at age 18.

dlsd58 09-09-2021 10:05 AM

make sure you have the shingrx vaccine (shingles) which is caused from the measles virus...

Jean G 09-09-2021 10:06 AM

There is that and much more streaming across our Southern Boarder in much bigger numbers daily.

golfing eagles 09-09-2021 10:20 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by dlsd58 (Post 2001003)
make sure you have the shingrx vaccine (shingles) which is caused from the measles virus...

That statement needs some correction:

FYI, shingles is caused by the re-activation of the varicella virus (chicken pox) , which stays dormant in the dorsal root ganglia of your spinal cord after acute infection. It then, usually after advancing in years, or stressed by a major illness or trauma, crawls down a single dermatome of a spinal or cranial nerve and causes the distinctive rash of shingles. And that's why you should get a SHINGRIX vaccine. Nothing whatsoever to do with measles

blueash 09-09-2021 10:51 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Dot Rheinhardt (Post 2000923)
When my husband was in the army, my son and some of the army kids got the measles. One mother did not as her kid didn't either. Later she was pregnant and got the measles. Her baby was born without arms or legs. I had measles in college and so did my daughter. Now it is not prevalent in the US, but I wonder about immigrants bringing it in if they haven't been vaccinated.

Regular measles, rubeola, the kind we are talking about here does NOT cause birth defects but is in itself a significant illness in those who become infected.

There is an entirely different illness, rubella, AKA German measles that is a trivial illness in those who catch it. The only concern with rubella is the damage it can cause to the fetus. Rubella is the R in MMR. Rubella does not cause children to be born without arms or legs. So whatever illness your army friend had, it was not measles or german measles that led to this sad outcome. If this child was born in 1960-61 and the mother was in Europe, being the military, she may have been given Thalidomide which did cause this outcome.

golfing eagles 09-09-2021 10:57 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by blueash (Post 2001025)
Regular measles, rubeola, the kind we are talking about here does NOT cause birth defects but is in itself a significant illness in those who become infected.

There is an entirely different illness, rubella, AKA German measles that is a trivial illness in those who catch it. The only concern with rubella is the damage it can cause to the fetus. Rubella is the R in MMR. Rubella does not cause children to be born without arms or legs. So whatever illness your army friend had, it was not measles or german measles that led to this sad outcome. If this child was born in 1960-61 and the mother was in Europe, being the military, she may have been given Thalidomide which did cause this outcome.

Agree. Sounds more like the phocomelia caused by Thalidomide.

DaveGodin 09-09-2021 11:44 AM

I understand they are being screened for and given required vaccinations, including for COVID. These people are not just being dumped out on the streets.

DaveGodin 09-09-2021 11:46 AM

They are being screened for and given required vaccinations, including for COVID. There are several news articles about this. These people are not just being dumped out on the streets.

jimjamuser 09-09-2021 12:05 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Koapaka (Post 2000329)
Not to worry, it seems to have disappeared all of a sudden like the normal flu did last year......from over1,000 cases the year before to 2 cases last year....url=https://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html]Measles Cases and Outbreaks | CDC[/url]

WELL, actually as far as RISKS go - it is just the OPPOSITE! Flu is REPORTED / PREDICTED to INCREASE this winter - due to society and schools OPENING up more THIS year than last. Last year more people tended to quarantine, traveled less, and wear masks. In general, they felt more risks and acted accordingly.
.........I am NOT sure about measles, but I would assume an increase this winter.
.........If post #2 was correct about 1,000 deaths per year from measles, that would be insignificant compared to CV deaths.
..........However, the Afghanistan population infusion could increase that unless at the US bases, they got shots? Somehow, I doubt that - probably due to religious reasons.
I consider that my information about predicted increased FLU - is solid information from respected TV news hosts and a respected newspaper.
........ These dashed ones are my OWN conjecture and opinions which I give over to the Forum for further discussion by the TV Land experts.....sincerely.
........Incidentally, the only LINKS that I could be sure that are more than opinion or worse - dark conspiracies - are CUFFLINKS ! I can't live my life going around memorizing LINKS that, anyway, would be shot down by 60% of posters as liberal, commie TV channels and newspapers. Sorry!

jimjamuser 09-09-2021 12:16 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Byte1 (Post 2000387)
As a child, I had the measles, mumps, chicken pox, pneumonia and various other childhood illnesses. In those days, we did not get vaccinated for that stuff. I did get the polio vaccination via sugar cubes. So, I received my immunity by surviving the illnesses. Whether or not I still have the immunity, I guess an expert will tell. I have never had the flu as far as I can tell, but I also never get the flu vaccination. Maybe once I get it and (if) survive it, I might consider getting the flu shot in the future. I have been vaccinated for the Covid, but actually did it based on my spouse's medical condition. Even though I had the chicken pox, and I do not know whether the immunity would help dealing with shingles, I still got my shingles shot when I heard that a neighbor had a bad case of shingles. I have seen how it effects folks and how painful it is, so I was vaccinated.
Be careful about discussing "measles" or someone might get the idea of doing a "gain of function" study/experimentation on measles. :duck:

Personally, I am MORE afraid of getting CV than shingles, because I think (?) that shingles, while painful, IS not A KILLER. IMO.

golfing eagles 09-09-2021 12:20 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by jimjamuser (Post 2001059)
Personally, I am MORE afraid of getting CV than shingles, because I think (?) that shingles, while painful, IS not A KILLER. IMO.

Not unless you're immunocompromised and get disseminated Zoster, in which case you are dead.

dougawhite 09-09-2021 12:25 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by MandoMan (Post 2000864)
I’ll bet plenty of you still have a smallpox vaccination scar. Later, there was a new version that was just an injection and didn’t leave a scar. I remember not being able to touch it until the scab fell off on its own, which took several weeks.

As I understand it the scar was created on purpose so that everyone could tell who was or was not vaccinated.

blueash 09-09-2021 12:32 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by dougawhite (Post 2001063)
As I understand it the scar was created on purpose so that everyone could tell who was or was not vaccinated.

Nope, you got that wrong

Aces4 09-09-2021 01:27 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Two Bills (Post 2000966)
With the majority of Americans vaccinated or had the measles, the risk of an epidemic is about zero.
This is just fear mongering, and giving some people a political platform to bang their anti-whatever drums.
Get real!

The majority isn’t everyone, get realer. Duh!

Btw, political discussions or remarks aren’t permitted here.

jimjamuser 09-09-2021 01:49 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Michael G. (Post 2000697)
Can you remember back in grade school getting shots for measles, mumps, chicken pox, pneumonia and polo etc?
Can you also recall there was no choice to get vaccinated like the covid19 shot today, everybody get the shot?

What changed??

I am sure that it is well known. But, it is CAUSED by propaganda from abroad and internal regurgitation of that AFOREMENTIONED propaganda. And I am talking about the non-mainstream media.

Blueblaze 09-09-2021 01:50 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Luggage (Post 2000865)
The big difference is in the infection rate and the method of infection between measles and covid. Covid is much more virulent. Measles patient could be treated at home. Not covid . Covid patient may need lung machines . Not measles . The rate of death is only equal to measles because we have much better care today than 50 years ago. Both are highly preventable with proper vaccination and social distancing. Neither a measles or a covid patient would I kiss on the lips with a tongue insertion.

Really? When I got Covid, I treated myself at home. I took antihistamines and aspirin and in about three days I was good as new -- just like the rest of the 99.6% of people who survive it.

Measles is actually MORE virulent than Covid, among people who have no natural immunity. It's estimated that nearly 90% of the indigenous population of America was wiped out by Measles from contact with the early Spanish explorers, before North America was even colonized.

The weirdest thing about this pandemic is that almost nobody seems to know any actual victims personally. I was born in the middle of a polio pandemic. My parents had friends who lost children. I went to school with crippled survivors. But even though I live in a community of old people at high risk from Covid, two years into this pandemic, I still don't personally know a single victim. However, I do have a neighbor who had a stroke the day after she got her Covid shot. I don't think that counts, though.

JSR22 09-09-2021 02:08 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Blueblaze (Post 2001086)
Really? When I got Covid, I treated myself at home. I took antihistamines and aspirin and in about three days I was good as new -- just like the rest of the 99.6% of people who survive it.

Measles is actually MORE virulent than Covid, among people who have no natural immunity. It's estimated that nearly 90% of the indigenous population of America was wiped out by Measles from contact with the early Spanish explorers, before North America was even colonized.

The weirdest thing about this pandemic is that almost nobody seems to know any actual victims personally. I was born in the middle of a polio pandemic. My parents had friends who lost children. I went to school with crippled survivors. But even though I live in a community of old people at high risk from Covid, two years into this pandemic, I still don't personally know a single victim. However, I do have a neighbor who had a stroke the day after she got her Covid shot. I don't think that counts, though.

Iknow dozens of people who had COVID including 6 on my street!

jimjamuser 09-09-2021 02:19 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Blueblaze (Post 2000722)
Well, I think one thing that changed was that those were ordinary vaccines, instead of experimental gene manipulation vaccines not yet approved by the FDA for children.

And those diseases primarily effected children, unlike COVID that primarily effects old people.

And they weren't required by everybody -- just children enrolling in school.

But there was one similarity -- measles has a death rate almost identical to Covid-19: 0.6%

Odd, isn't it. I wonder why we didn't panic and hide in our basements from the Measles back in the '50's. We not only didn't panic, but back before the vaccines, we used to have Measles parties in the summer so the kids would get it over with and not miss school! Now we prevent kids from going to school to protect them from a 0.6% risk (actually much less than that, in the case of Covid and kids)!

So I guess that's changed. We used to be a nation that won a world war, while fighting a flu pandemic that killed millions. Now we're a nation of panty-waists who put working people on the dole and run their employers out of business, to save them from a disease that mostly only kills retired people!

Well, I don't know about panty-waists (that does NOT seem very fashionable) - but during WW1 MANY G.I.s DIED from the, so-called, Spanish Flu while on ships being transported to Europe. I believe that the Spanish Flu was a misnomer because it REALLY started in KANSAS. And I may be UNLINKED in my historical knowledge, but supposedly, a US President (maybe (?) Woodrow Wilson set up the FLU's name to change from Kansas to Spanish.
At least, today we do NOT want to change the name of the CV to something from Europe. We have "come a long way, baby".

jimjamuser 09-09-2021 02:41 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by geobet (Post 2000835)
Unvaccinated children have been riding the coattails of the vaccinated children for years. They are the ones at risk of getting not only measles but other diseases when they are brought into our country. There have been several measles and mumps outbreaks in the Northwest over the past few years thanks to anti-vaxer parents.

Good post. That is putting the blame where it rightfully belongs. And why does government NOT live up to its main reason for existence - to protect and defend its citizens - from all enemies, from without and from within? Public Health IS responsible for defending US citizens against our invisible germ-type enemies.

jimjamuser 09-09-2021 03:00 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by DonnaNi4os (Post 2000900)
Most of us had measles and chicken pox as a child, long before the vaccine was available. That provided you with a pretty strong immunity, likely life long. Most children are vaccinated with MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) as a condition to enter school. So for the most part, those at risk of contracting the very contagious measles are very young children. That’s a scary thought. Anyone entering the country from another may not be vaccinated for the basics and I can only presume that there will be an all out effort to get those entering from Afghanistan vaccinated quickly.

Presume, but verify.

CFrance 09-09-2021 03:02 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by JSR22 (Post 2001092)
Iknow dozens of people who had COVID including 6 on my street!

So do I. Several on our street and more that I know personally. One long-hauler as well.

Two Bills 09-09-2021 03:24 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Aces4 (Post 2001078)
The majority isn’t everyone, get realer. Duh!

Btw, political discussions or remarks aren’t permitted here.

Wow!
I learn something every day!:icon_wink:


All times are GMT -5. The time now is 10:19 AM.

Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.8.11
Copyright ©2000 - 2025, vBulletin Solutions Inc.
Search Engine Optimisation provided by DragonByte SEO v2.0.32 (Pro) - vBulletin Mods & Addons Copyright © 2025 DragonByte Technologies Ltd.